Risk factors for the development of varicose veins
- Inheritance.
- Pregnancy is traditionally considered one of the main risk factors for the development of varicose veins, more frequent damage (3-4 times) to women.
- Obesity is a risk factor proven for varicose veins.At the same time, an increase in body weight index at 27 kg/m2 and beyond leads to an increase in the frequency of the disease of 33%.
- The lifestyle has a significant impact on the development and on the course of varicose veins.In particular, the negative effect of prolonged static loads has been demonstrated with lifting weights or a immobile stay in an upright and sitting position
- During varicose veins, nearby underwear, various corsets that increase intra -abdominal pressure have adverse effects.
- The high frequency of varicose veins in industrialized countries is to a certain extent due to nutritional characteristics.A high degree of transformation and reduction of food in the vegetable diet and raw fruits has led to a constant deficiency of vegetable fibers necessary for the remodeling of the venous wall and chronic constipation, which cause a permanent increase in intra -abdominal pressure.
- The dysmaronal conditions are involved in the pathogenesis of varicose veins.Their role in recent years has been progressively increasing, which is due to the wide use of means of hormonal contraception, the dissemination of hormone replacement therapy during the occurrence of menopause and the treatment of osteoporosis.Estrogen and progesterone has been shown, as well as their derivatives, reduce the tone of the venous wall due to the gradual destruction of collagen and elastic fibers.
Clinical image of varicose veins
Varicose veins-This is a disease that is not indifferent to the beautiful sex.A varicose veins of the female veins is sick on average three times more often than men.
Signs of varicose veins- Bored extensions of subcutaneous veins, pain, heaviness in the legs, swelling of the foot and the lower part of the leg, fatigue in the legs by the end of the day.Varicoso nodes are often prone to the formation of blood clots and infection.Flebite can develop - inflammation of the blood vessels orthromboflebitis- Inflammation of the complicated vases by blood clots.During the veins there are hard and painful ropes.The skin changes, loses its elasticity and the dense, dark brown color.With easy injuries, ulcers occur.A young woman can become a disabled person at the age of 40.
One of the serious complications of the varicose veins is thrombophlebitis, a process in which a thrombus with subsequent inflammation is formed on the internal wall of the vein.This pathology is dangerous as the blood clot can detach itself with the blood flow to enter the lung artery (tel - the thromboembolia of the lung artery) and lead to the death of a person.That's why varicose veins are a dangerous disease that must be treated.
Symptoms of varicose veins (these are the symptoms that should be wary):
1. Pain.
The causes of pain in varicose veins are very, very numerous.A variety of pain in varicose veins is also very rich:
- Hot pulsating pain,
- Night cramps and itching in the muscles,
- Pain when walking
- Pain along venous trunks,
- General pain and Lymar in the legs
2. Swelling in the legs.
3. A sense of burst and severity in the legs.
4. Changes in the skin.Initially, the skin becomes dry, a pigmentation appears: the skin of the legs is dark, covered by brown "spots".Subsequently, various dermatitis, eczema and trophic disorders so called in the form of poorly curative wounds with the formation of ulcers can join these symptoms.
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6. Vascular stars (telanciectia).Yes, people with varicose veins are also included in the group of patients with the expansion of small veins, since the causes of their appearance are the same.
The early stages of the development of varicose veins are very difficult to detect and diagnosis, because in the early stages of the disease there is no main feature: varicose veins.And the first and first symptom of varicose veins, such as the sensation of the severity of the legs, there are also moderate pain in the legs, an increase in fatigue, with the initial phases of arterial diseases, dishes, lumbar osteochondosis.In such difficult cases, it is impossible to make the correct diagnosis itself: you will need a doctor's consultation or even several specialists: a phlebologist, a neurologist, a surgeon and a manual therapist.High precision instrumental diagnostic methods will also be requested, such as ultrasound.
In phlegology, these symptoms are associated with the beginning of pathological blood flow through deep veins.
Very often, women notice the first signs of varicose veins in spring, when you can change the wardrobe, but you don't know where the "reasons" venous legs, legs and hips come from.The leg is deformed, becomes blue and ugly.
The first symptoms of the varicose veins of the legs, along which you can suspect the onset of varicose veins, are an increase in the vein model on the skin of the legs.This defect, as already noticed, is often noticed by young women: on the legs or hips they notice garlands, who were not there before.
And often, such symptoms of an initial varicose disease precede the appearance of pain and other unpleasant sensations.Often the first "finds" of veins are not accompanied by absolutely unpleasant sensations.
Women are worried about this vascular network only as a cosmetic defect.These patients are often if they turn to specialists, therefore only to eliminate cosmetic discomfort.
If you have thin and pale skin, the first symptoms of the initial varicose veins are particularly visible.These are thin veins that do not even protrude above the surface of the skin.The first symptoms of varicose veins may also seem like a network of thin bluish vases under the skin.
There may not be other complaints at the beginning of the varicose veins.
The beginning of the development and progression of varicose veins is already manifested by varicose nodes that protrude over the surface of the skin, one or more.This is the main symptom of initial varicose disease.
Varicosis nodes can be detected more often on the internal surface of the legs or hips.With a long walk or a prolonged position, such a symptom of varicose veins such as fatigue, severity in the legs, a sense of burst is manifested (often in calves).These symptoms occur particularly clearly with a prolonged stay in a sitting or standing position.There is also painful or acute pain in places of varicose veins (enlarged veins), convulsions in the calf muscles, especially in the evening, and sometimes at night.The first signs of dysfunction in the veins also manifest the swelling of the legs until the end of the day.Edema usually occurs in the evening, especially after a prolonged position.After night rest, the swelling disappears completely.
These varicose expansion symptoms initially pass quickly, if you relax, especially if you lie down.However, the disappearance or the significant reduction of these symptoms when walking and after night rest are very characteristic of the symptoms of varicose disease.
But the varicose veins, if they are not seriously engaged, do not withdraw, advance.Over time, these symptoms of varicose veins appear as convincing dark blue intradermal veins, which protrudes the surface of the skin of the legs and feet and similar to the clusters of very mature red grapes.All this is accompanied by pain in the legs and calves, a feeling of heat in the legs, night convulsions in the calf muscles, swelling.Gradually, the changes in the skin come together with these symptoms.Initially the skin dries, darkens, a pigment appears: brown spots.Shortly after the so -called trophic disorders begin to join: scarcely healing explosions and even ulcers.
Pain begins to disturb more and more often, especially in the afternoon or evening.
Treatment of varicose veins
There are many approaches to the treatment of varicose veins, but today the most effective method in treatment is surgical surgery -Venectomy.The therapy of drugs and compression is used as auxiliary methods in surgical treatment and as independent methods in the initial phases of varicose veins and the presence of contraindications for surgical treatment.
The treatment of varicose veins should be complex and individual, very often includes a combination of conservative and surgical treatment.
Types of surgical treatment of varicose veins:
- Classic Flebectomy
- Laser coagulation
- Combined method
For the treatment of varicose veins, modern medicine uses laser surgery (EVLC).This method provides for intravascular laser coagulation.EVLC- An intravascular laser is an advanced method for the treatment of varicose veins.Laser exposure is a procedure that takes on an intermediate position between non -surgical and surgical methods for the treatment of the disease.
DignityEVLC- This is a way of radical treatment, but with low traumatic.After these procedures, the patient can leave the clinic after a few hours, being in good physical condition.This treatment is carried out in operating conditions and using local anesthesia.
The most modern laser devices are currently used.At the same time, the patient's problematic areas are exposed to a laser with an optimal wavelength (1470 Nm).The radial light used provides a reliable closure of the vein.In this case, there are no side effects and the surrounding fabrics do not heat up.That's why after this operation the number of bruises is reduced and the postoperative period passes in a simple and painless way.
The operation is not accompanied by cuts, it does not leave pigmentation and scars.After 3 weeks after surgery, the patient's legs acquire a normal aspect without varicose nodes.This treatment of varicose veins has become widespread in western countries.For large varicose veins, EVLC is used in combination with micro -cable.This allows you to get a good aesthetic result.
Advantages of the use of EVLC:
- Rapid recovery
- Small trauma
- High cosmetic effect
- Lack of signs on the skin from remote varicose veins
- The treatment is carried out under local anesthesia (tumor anesthesia)
- Lack of pain syndrome
- High therapeutic effect
Possible complications
Treatment with a laser technique has practically no complications.The rare complications include burns, probability of venous thrombophlebitis and walls in the area operated.However, expert phlegologists guarantee a qualitative result.
These operations do not violate the patient's lifestyle.After the intervention, it is necessary to wear compression socks to provide light pressure on the veins.Special products are applied in the area of particularly large varicosis nodes: cotton rollers or latex bearings.After the laser procedure, the patient is recommended to take walks every day.
The treatment of varicose veins with a laser guarantees the conservation of the ability to work and physical activity.